Miami Beach Police Routinely Seize Cameras As Evidence
But now they are being criticized by some lawyers
Now that the story has made national news, the Miami Beach Police Department released a statement this week claiming they did not destroy a man’s cell phone in the aftermath of a controversial shooting on Memorial Day.
But they had no qualms about confiscating it. In fact, they have a history of doing that, according to this Miami New Times article from January 2011.
The following is from their recent statement where they acknowledged confiscating Narces Benoit's cell phone, but not destoying it, as he claimed.
Any and all video of the incident is crucial to the investigation, and it is not unusual for police to secure any video that may have evidentiary value. Several other phones were also secured during the course of the investigation.
Contrary to Mr. Benoit's statements to the media, the cell phone turned over to the Miami Beach Police Department is in working order; the only damage observed to the cell phone is to the lower right portion of the LCD screen and it is unknown when this damage occurred.
This damage does not appear consistent with Mr. Benoit's statements to the media that his phone was "smashed."
In fact, they confiscated a total of three camera phones and two SIM cards, Miami Beach police spokesman Juan Sanchez confirmed to Photography is Not a Crime Wednesday
And that doesn’t include the camera they confiscated from a Local 10 reporter, which they returned several hours later.
In their statement, which can be read in its entirety along with pictures of Benoit's phone on the South Florida Daily Blog, police explained they initially approached Benoit because he matched the description of one of the suspects they were seeking Both were black).
They then brought him down to the station as a witness where they seized his camera as “investigative evidence.”
So naturally that brings us to the question that keeps popping up lately: Can police legally seize your camera as evidence without a subpoena.
Two attorneys I interviewed in 2009 in the wake of the Oscar Grant incident said that police can only seize your camera if it was used in the commission of a crime, such as child pornography or upskirting.
And more recently, Mickey H. Osterreicher, attorney for the National Press Photographers Association reiterated those statements in a letter to Miami Beach Police Chief Carlos Noriega (bold emphasis mine):
Your officers should be well aware that they may only seize the property of another pursuant to a lawful arrest or by court order. Their alleged actions with regard to the seizure of a WPLG camera from a working photojournalist cannot be tolerated. Video showing another officer pointing his weapon at an unarmed citizen, who was then allegedly pulled from his car, placed face down on the pavement, handcuffed and threatened at gunpoint is an affront to the public. For officers to do so and then smash his cell phone in hopes of destroying any recordings should make them liable for both criminal and departmental prosecution.
However, another attorney I interviewed said officers do have the right to confiscate your camera to preserve evidence.
This can only be done in extreme cases such as homicides, rapes or kidnappings, said Michael Pancier, who not only is a nature photographer, but is representing me in my case against 50 State.
In other words, he is a strong advocate for photographers’ rights.
The alternative (to confiscating camera) is that they detain you until such time as a subpoena is obtained which could be days.
Evidence has to be preserved. If you photographed a murder scene; that's evidence; they can't just let you go and hope that you don't delete it or alter it. If the evidence is not immediately preserved, it may be challenged and may be inadmissible. Likewise, if the evidence is destroyed or lost because it was not preserved; then a whole case whether for the state or the defense may go down the tubes. It's no difference than say if your car got bullet holes as a result of a nearby shooting; or if your purse was recovered by a mugger caught by police; they confiscate it as evidence; all could be confiscated as evidence. No subpoena is required. You'll get it back; but under these circumstances, where you as a bystander have evidence of a crime; it needs to be preserved immediately at the scene. I believe the police have the discretion to confiscate it as evidence.
But again, they can't take it if they are simply pissed that you taped them where no crime has been captured on the tape.
I asked Pancier what is more important, preserving the evidence or preserving the Fourth Amendment and he said preserving the evidence is preserving the Fifth Amendment that entitles a suspect to due process in the legal system.
“When you have a serious crime where somebody can do 25 years to life, then it’s important to gather all the evidence,” he said.
Because that video clip might turn out to be exculpatory evidence, meaning it could prove the defendant’s innocence.
I have not come across any laws or statute that give concrete details about what police can and can’t do in these situations.
Like many legal matters, it is up to debate.
So perhaps the best thing to do is acquire a camera that live streams, which would enable you to preserve your footage regardless of what happens with the cops.
But me personally, I would not willingly give up my camera, especially if it was a high-profile case like the one in Miami Beach.
I would post it on my site, then on Miami Beach 411, then on Facebook, then on Twitter and then send police a link to my video. That's only fair, I think.
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Comments
I have heard of many cases where items are returned once they reach 'museum' value. Computers being held for nearly a decade. Since I make monthly payments on my phone via a contract, I would hate having to pay these charges and not have my phone for the year or two it takes to wind through the courts. I would file a report of theft with my cell provider and the police department where I live, "Yeah the guy who robbed me of my phone at gunpoint was wearing a uniform"
Another interesting idea is to put spyware on your phone and monitor and record what the police do with your phone, sort of what you would do with a thief. I think a video recording of the officer deleting items off of your phone would look great in court, especially if you back up the deleted items to show what was altered.
With an iPhone you can always remotely wipe all of the information on your phone, just to piss them off. And soon with the iCloud your content will be automatically backed up to the Cloud so you should have a copy of your video waiting for you at home by the time you get there.
That could be considered evidence tampering.
That would I believe be obstruction of justice which is a felony. If of course there was evidence of value on the phone, but if you delete it then that would remove the evidence for you to use. I doubt that producing it off the cloud would satisfy the State Attorney either since it could have been tampered with.
That would I believe be obstruction of justice which is a felony. If of course there was evidence of value on the phone, but if you delete it then that would remove the evidence for you to use. I doubt that producing it off the cloud would satisfy the State Attorney either since it could have been tampered with.
Cops SUCK!
Ok, not that I agree with it, but I can see where seizing a camera as evidence can be plausible. If an officer then deletes anything off that camera, say himself/herself being a complete dick, can they then be charged with destroying evidence? And if so why arent they? Oh I forgot, a badge gives you extra rights, sorry my bad!!
You'd have to prove 1) that something actually was deleted and 2) who deleted it. It's going to be your word versus the cops. Any guess as to who will come out on top?
It seems as thought cops are seizing cameras (property) from people they did not arrest. That's why the seizure is in question. It seems the cops are claiming that they are seizing the cameras to search them for evidence of illegal activity. There are court rulings that have upheld this right from police as an exception to the 4th amendment and some who have rejected it.
The problem with your attorney's stolen purse analogy is when the thief is caught the purse is the actual thing stolen by the thief. It's completely different than seizing the camera of a working journalist or innocent bystander. By your lawyer's analogy they should be able to arrest any witnesses and sequester them until trial to make sure there story doesn't change.
Also it's not the job of working journalists or innocent bystanders to make a case for the cops. If they need extra evidence then get a damn subpoena! Many states have shield laws to protect journalists from just such tactics.
Why do police need to seize your camera when all they want is the data on the card? Granted, I don't want to give up my property, either. However, I don't see a purpose in giving up the camera and being without it for weeks or months while it sits in some bin.
Did Benoit get a receipt for his property if it was taken "as evidence?" Why was the newsguy's camera returned a few hours later, but Benoit's camera, sans SIM card is still in custody? I think we need to see more apps for camera phones or dedicated "live streaming" cameras in the near future. While one's video may show something that condemns or exonerates someone else, protecting their 5th Amendment right, your 4th Amendment right goes out the window. What if you were just an eye witness, and choose to keep your mouth shut and walk away as so many people do who do not want to get involved?
Perhaps we'll see more and more "undercover" type cameras, that are more hidden from the police.
Florida sure is becoming an international
laughing stock...the same guys who portray themselves
as superheroes on COPS are routinely illegal seizing
evidence and destroying people's property...
so much for "TV" fantasy...
This same stuff has been going on with cops for a long time. They used to catch someone with drugs in the car, arrest the person, seize the car and then use it like it was their own car. Of course they were driving a car and depending on the insurance of someone else, of course they destroyed the car. But most of the time the car had a loan on it and when the person that was arrested stopped paying the loan that car belonged to the lien holder. The lien holders would then file claims against the insurance companies for the damage the cops did to the cars.
How long do you think it took for the rules to change when that started happening. Not to mention that the cars became worth less while the cops abused them so that the cops were taking someone elses property.
"Then they ordered the man and his girlfriend out the car and threw them down to the ground, yelling “you want to be fucking paparazzi?”
Then they snatched the cell phone from his hand and slammed it to the ground before stomping on it. Then they placed the smashed phone in the videographer's back pocket as he was laying down on the ground."
That seems to be unravelling more than a little. Or is it being claimed that the police, once their actions were exposed, have attempted to substitute an unsmashed phone? That's straining my credulity to say the least... what is Mr. Benoit saying now?
Just how smashed does it have to appear externally?
I really disagree with that second lawyer who seems to be representing you Carlos.
If anything, evidence especially used for the defense of someone is better left in the hands of the original photographer. I would trust a photographer with such evidence instead of the police.
The attorney who opined they can seize evidence should give you some citation to authority supporting that proposition.
If a man were shot, and the bullet went through the window of my house and lodged in a wall, the police have no authority to enter and take that absent consent or court authorization, or articulable exigent circumstances. The same is true of photos. First, they can't even say with a straight face that there is evidence on the camera, they just hope there is. Second, your fourth amendment right isn't dictated by the fact that you have evidence...that's the point of warrants. If your fourth amendment right were so limited, any time the police said they thought someone had evidence, they could search anyone. Not the case at all.
Maybe you should give what they told you to the ACLU Carlos.
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