Square format landscapes

As most people are probably familiar with, "landscape format" refers to images wider than they are tall.  As the name implies, this has traditionally been the more common approach to photographing landscapes, and is obviously a somewhat logical way of interpreting ones surroundings.  When viewing a spectacular scene spread out before you, it's likely that one would want to capture as wide a perspective as possible, rather than turning the camera on end to take in a lot of sky or foreground. Unless for some reason only a narrow part of the landscape is appealing, and there's a really phenomenal sky going on. To every rule there are exceptions.  Nevertheless, I've recently I've had a thing for converting landscape images to square format instead of displaying them in their original proportions.  Probably because I find conventional approach boring after a while.  I get bored rather easily.  
But converting a landscape to square format can actually be a rather creative process, as I will now demonstrate.

Lets start with this image here:

fancy_a_swim.jpg

When simply cropping an image to 1x1 proportions, a good chunk of the image goes to waste, so to speak.

square_crop.jpg

Many different crops are possible, resulting in very different images, but in all cases the entire sweep of the surf hitting the beach would be lost:

crops.jpg

So rather than just cropping,  I prefer extending parts of the image to various degrees, until a 1x1 ratio is achieved.  This way none of the image is lost, and the finished outcome, while not necessarily an exact rendition of the scene as it appeared at the time, becomes your own interpretation of it. 

I start by creating a new blank image in square format, the length of each side the same as the width of the original image.
new.jpg

I then select and drag the image onto the blank square, leaving considerably more room to extend the upper part of the image:
step1.jpg
I then select part of the image that I want to begin working on:
select.jpg

I cut and paste that into a new document ( mac shortcut: cmd C - cmd N- enter- cmd V) which I then resize by only changing the height. (make sure the "constrain proportions" box is unchecked)
resize.jpg

Here I changed 2100 pix to 2500. I only want to stretch the lower part slightly to avoid extreme distortion of the foreground.
Next, I drag this resized crop back onto the original.
drag.jpg

Zooming in, I use the "move tool" to align the two layers until they merge seamlessly:

alignment.jpg
I then repeat this with other "slices" of the image. Once I'm satisfied with each addition, I flatten the image (combine the layers) in order to be able to continue cropping and resizing parts of it.
I repeat this procedure at least five and sometimes as often as ten times, tweaking the image little by little until I'm pleased with the result. Todays example ended up like this:

final_result.jpg

One could argue that this outcome is no better than the original image, but it hopefully serves to demonstrate the technique , which I've had a great deal of fun playing around with, allowing a bit more creativity into the landscape photography process.  Works for me ;)

Comments

Here is a problem I haven't figured out yet, how to get exact print dimensions onto a standard print size. For example, I love panoramics and sometimes find I want to print it but maintain the aspect ratio. If I try to send it to my printer, for example an 8x12 size, I have to go through the cropping process which is not what I want. I know I'd have to cut it later and that is fine, but how do I force it to conform to the size I want. If I want to maximize length, it seems to make sense to orient the printed picture diagonally across the page.

What if I knew I wanted to print this picture so that it maintains the aspect ratio and the longest size is 12" (such as when printing on a 8"x12" page).

shrink to fit

hmm.. I'm not altogether sure what you mean.. The dimensions of that particular image appear to be roughly 12 x 6.5? I would think that if you printed it on a 12x8 size paper, it would simply reach the edges across, leaving margins along the top and bottom, since the shorter side is less than 8.. there shouldn't be any problem with that.
Maybe I'm misunderstanding something..

If you would want it to fill out the sheet completely without cropping it, you could use the exact same resizing technique I explained here, just to a lesser extent. Or, because it's not such a drastic change in dimensions, you could simply adjust the height while leaving the width the same.

But like I said, maybe I'm misunderstanding you..

This isn't how you make square landscape shots. You shoot them as 6x6 frames on MF slide film.

oh. I'm sorry. I wish someone had informed me of the only right way to make square format images, before I spent most of my morning putting together this [what I considered rather harmless] tutorial, meant to offer people who don't happen to own a medium format film camera a new perspective on what can be done with digital landscape photographs. I'll have to be more careful next time when choosing a topic for my blog posts :/

Sorry, but I meant it as a joke. Seriously though, shooting Provia or Ektar on a Hasselblad with a Zeiss 50mm f/4 Distogon is the way to go! ;-)

hehe. no offense taken, I'm a bit too sarcastic for my own good sometimes.
And to be fair, I'd be the last person to discount the merit of film and film cameras, I've wanted a medium format for years. One of these days..

Now if you could only show us a way to get the kind of light and atmosphere you have in Iceland we'd be set.

Just kidding, last summer a cloud formation opened a hole with rays of light beaming through smack in the middle of the sky and the whole sky was glowing deep blue during a nighttime thunderstorm and I was too astounded to take pictures.

haha. I had a similar experience once, driving home after a long trip, completely exhausted and running a fever. I'm driving along an empty road in a remote fjord, early evening, it's been really cloudy but the sun breaks through for a few minutes, bathing green hillsides and the ocean in a weird pinkish orange glow, not quite like anything I've ever seen, and I'm driving along gaping at how beautiful it all was, and decided I'd never be able to capture it in a picture . probably lying to myself cause I was too damn tired to stop the car and get the camera out.

Then there was the time I was driving far from home and saw the most amazing northern lights in the history of mankind (I don't even think I'm exaggerating- the green ones are rare enough and very cool, but these were pinkish purple explosions of light dancing around the sky for over 20 minutes) and didn't have my camera on me :(

This is a really interesting article Rebekka and something I would like to try. It is obviously a manual technique and seems to be something that until you've practiced it enough might take a bit of time. Can you please give me an idea on what sort of time it takes you, and has repeating the process reduced the time it takes for you to complete a photo in this style?

I have a couple of photos that I think will suit this technique perfectly, so thanks very much for sharing. The square format seems to be a more direct format; keeping things simple I guess. I like the look of the technique you've used as I don't like cropping if I can avoid it.

I had a bit of a chuckle with your forum comments too. Some mighty nice sarcasm there. Alas I too have some medium format desires, and thankfully the Pentax 645D will suit me nicely. Well, it will once I've put enough pennies away.

I've visited Iceland during the summer to go north of the Arctic Circle and one day intend to during the winter to see the northern lights.

As it is I once saw the night sky in winter light up a glowing red 'northern lights' in the direction north. Kentucky is way too far south for northern lights so I don't know what it was. All I could do was stare. I was too little to have a camera (and too poor to have afforded one that could take a picture of something like that anyway).

And you're right, I couldn't have captured the look and feeling of that on film. It surrounded me.

Keep up the good work.

I think that is very cool. I would never have thought about doing it like this. I love the square format - but I don't like to crop my photos... so this is a good option - until I can afford a medium format. ;)

Thanks again for your inspiration.

thanks a lot, just tried and works!! only when i drug one part of the photo to the other there's a visible straight line, how can i erase that?? ..love your flickr last night was seing the toyata photos..u could share how u make people float in the air !!! :))) i envy your talent !!!

my photo sucks but made me practice :))

Great article Rebekka. It's good to see how you work as you come up with some really inspiring ideas! Keep up the good work.

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