Why Do People Still Love Film?
The Battle Between Digital and Film Is Bizarre and Unnecessary
Jack Reznicki just posted an article about the end of the line for Kodachrome—Dwayne's Photo in Kansas will be processing the last roll of the venerable slide film on December 30th. In the comments one of the readers was bitterly offended by Jack's thoughts about the days of film ending. Part of the debate seems to be over the choice of words (does "end of film as we knew it" mean "film is dead"?) but it brings up something I saw a lot when digital photography products began to overtake film gear on a massive scale.
Not to mince words, film is dead. Not film itself, there will always be a hardcore group of fanatics and artists who choose film over digital, but film, the industry is dead.
I remember sitting in a meeting of journalists with Kodak's then new head of Digital Imaging (who is for obvious reasons no longer in that role) at a Photokina conference room where we were taking Kodak to task for their digital photography blunders. This was in the era when Kodak still produced digital SLRs, the 14n had recently been killed while their Kodak-branded back used someone else's sensor.
While discussing Kodak's future outlook the company's VP said (and this is a slight paraphrase based on aging memory) "even if film sales drop off, Kodak has enough money to be the last player in the industry."
"If there's only one player," I chimed in "then it's not an 'industry.'" He scoffed at that and went on with his presentation (most of which was about how the in-store kiosk was going to become the replacement for film sales revenue) but here it is years later and as Kodachrome fades into memory we see that he was wrong on a few counts.
When digital first emerged as a viable commercial tool (I tend to mark the Nikon D1x as the start of the true digital era) countless photographers derided digital as being too "amateur" and too low quality to replace film. They shrugged off the speed benefits of the digital workflow and cited film's undying characteristics. First it was resolution, then dynamic range was the main issue.
All the while, digital progressed and improved and "photography" stopped meaning "film" and started to mean "digital."
I will be blunt about this—film is dead. Like it or not, film has moved past the tipping point and is headed quickly into the discarded technology pile. There are holdouts, those who love film in much the same way that some bands still release on vinyl, but like those bands they're increasingly footnotes in the evolving history of art and creation.
Personally I'm tool-agnostic. I don't care what techniques you use to create your images as long as the end product works for you. I know a few guys who still do glass-plate photography work and it's really amazing stuff.
But I'm always surprised at how adamant the remaining film aficionados are. So often they rally against digital as if it were some sort of scourge—an invasive species that entered the photographic ecosystem and destroyed it. They talk about the "look" of film and the quality of the process.
One of the arguments (and it's even in the comments on Jack's article) is about the "spray and pray" nature of digital photography—as if every digital photographer had, and used, a camera that was capable of shooting at a high frame rate. Clearly these people were never on the sidelines of a pro sporting event when the dominant camera was the Nikon F5 with its 7.4 frames-per-second capture rate.
When digital first showed up it was vastly slower than film. The frame rate of the D1 was 3 frames per second. The D1H was five. It was actually easier to shoot bursts with film at that point.
The argument though goes like this "digital is cheap, so photographers take lots of photos and they just pick out the good ones." Okay?
If someone takes a huge number of photos but gets a great image out of it, so what? I know many, many photographers who can (and do) thoughtfully and purposefully capture every frame and their images are just awful. Does the duration of the shutter release being pressed change the skill of the photographer to compose? In many cases it does not. A good photographer, taking lots of photos in a row with digital, usually ends up with a lot of good photos. A poor photographer doing that ends up with a lot of bad photos. It's not the quantity of frames captured that determines the value of a photo.
But looking at the fervent comments in the follow up to the post I notice something that I see in the Nikon vs. Canon wars and in the Mac vs. PC debates before Macs became cool—people who still use film are violently in favor of it. Not just in favor of them using it, but in favor of everyone using it.
I had a conversation the other day with some photographers who are older than I am, and were more invested in the film era. (Although, I've been shooting film since 1975 or so, when my dad, a commercial photographer, introduced me to agitation tanks and enlargers.)
What I heard was the same misconceptions from them that I've heard at so many seminars or trade shows:
- Film has a better dynamic range (not always—most film does, but medium format backs have incredible range and so do many digital cameras).
- Film has better resolution (not once sensors started to tip past the 20 megapixel point).
- Film is easier to manage (I've never understood this one. I can't get the argument that file folders are better than a visual indexing system like Aperture, Lightroom or Photo Mechanic.)
- It takes an artist to know how to use film, but anyone can use digital (anyone can use either of them. You can just take more crappy photos with digital before you run out of money than you can with film. Poor photographers bankrupted themselves long before a digital shooter would).
What it sounds like to me, and pardon the offensive nature of this statement, is the same thing I heard when I was at design school when talking to manual typesetters. "Desktop publishing" they said "is ruining the art of type."
That was a load of crap then and it's a load of crap now about digital. There is more artistic expression of a high-caliber from the "amateurs" on Flickr than in all the professional photographers in the film era combined. Digital has allowed people to find a passion and a calling without having to master the one skill of film photography...
With film you had to know what the image was going to look like in two weeks when the canister was developed and the pictures were printed. If what you thought they'd look like and what they actually looked like was too different, you were out of business.
And the fact that people don't have to do that any more scares the photographers who made their living on film so much that they have a reaction to digital—it's so easy to see with digital what you've captured that it can't possibly be a valid art form.
I'll say it again to try to prevent getting flamed—analog film is wonderful. I love it. I love the look of it. But I love the look of digital too, I love not having to wait hours or days to see the images. I love not having to stop a shoot to change a roll or carry multiple bodies to a sporting event because I might want some shots at ISO 400.
To say that the flexibility and the convenience of digital photography makes a digital photographer any less valid than a film photographer is untrue, yet that's the sentiment of many of the film shooters.
So, to the film users out there—why are you still shooting film. What is it you love about film (or hate about digital) that keeps you working in an increasingly inconvenient medium?
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Comments
"But looking at the fervent comments in the follow up to the post I notice something that I see in the Nikon vs. Canon wars and in the Mac vs. PC debates before Macs became cool—people who still use film are violently in favor of it. Not just in favor of them using it, but in favor of everyone using it. "
Since I stated a number of times in my comments on the other post that I use both film and digital, quite frankly I am at a loss to understand how you came up with this interpretation of what I was saying. Quite frankly, there was more of that "my way or the highway" kind of attitude from other commenters, with lines like "Every photographer I know who's worth their salt shoots digital"
Regarding spray and pray I already clarified with Jack that what I was talking about was not to confused with sports photography. You might want to go back and reread the entire comment thread.
In summary, I was not trying to push an analog film uber alles position, or make it an either/or debate; to claim that I was would be a mischaracterization of what I was saying.
I could go on (e.g. do you believe a 20 megapixel sensor is close in equivalent resolution to film in a 8 x 10 view camera? If one wishes to look at that statement in terms of the grammar you use, that is what you are saying)
Sorry John, wasn't trying to single you out here. This is something I see in many venues, not the conversation we're having in the comments. The comments brought up the fact that I see that a lot. I should accurately have said that the comments REMIND me of something I see in the film vs. digital debates. I'm sorry to have offended.
I appreciate the clarification. And even though I use Mac's (as well as Windows and Linux at work), I find Mac fanboys pretty damned annoying! :-)
David,
Good post.
I've also talked a lot with friends at Kodak, and frankly, the reason they're hanging on to film and hung on longer than made sense, is that it's soooo profitable for them.
These days, as I write about in my book, they are more an intellectual property company, making much more money on their patents than on manufacturing.
But to me as far as the digital vs film, it's a dead horse.
As a friend's daddy once said, "When your horse dies....get off."
I've yet to hear good, real reasons to continue with film other than emotional ones.
You might find the following post of interest:
http://robertbenson.com/blog/2009/12/29/the-holdouts-shooters-who-still-...
What I like is these are to some degree photographers who actually use both digital and analog.
Would you characterize their reasons for using film as purely emotional?
John,
After reading it, yeah, I'd say the reasons are not practice, but rather emotional.
And when one of them says "Film does significantly better in low light" I have to question what digital they are shooting with and how much they understand their digital tools.
Some photographers prefer the "aesthetic" of film because they have years of experience wrapped up in it and they haven't learned the nuances and how to work properly with digital at it's full ability.
Now I have seen photographers shooting in alternative methods like platinum, albumen, daguerreotypes (really beautiful) that takes my breath away. At least the ones that combine images that fit those mediums so well, rather than just "see what I can do".
Frankly, regular, commercial film just hasn't crossed over into that special alternative area for me yet. I don't see the aesthetic that makes it special these days.
If you are going to characterize all that as mere emotion, then I am not sure there is much point in continuing the discussion. One could argue that a statement like "I don't see the aesthetic" is based on emotion (i.e. personal taste) rather than fact.
If Kodak is a business and "it's soooo profitable" to do film, then by definition it makes sense, Jack.
Not sure how the bit about being an intellectual property company is germane to the point at hand though.
It's not germane, just fun info.
And it has blinded Kodak to the point that years ago they spent a billion dollars to buy a film factory in China, thinking they would be a great film market. The problem is that China is no longer Pearl Buck's China. They're mostly digital, and fairly sophisticated. Let's just say, it wasn't a good buy for them.
Excellent article David! You've covered a lot of the argument, if there is an argument at this point. I print from both digital captures and scanned 35mm slides on a daily basis and from my experience (50+ years) when we passed 10mp we passed the threshold of film (35mm) whether it was Kodachrome, Velvia, or E100VS. The proof is in the print and the publications. We did a cover of Outdoor Photographer with a 6mp file.
I'll say it again, we get images on a regular basis that we were never able to get on film. The fact that I have control of the image from capture, to optimization, to print, and in stunning color. I've been involved in photography for 56 years and it's more exciting now than ever...because of digital. Time to go take pictures insteading of hashing old news.
I think it's fair to add the following:
John is NOT the model of the film fanatic. I've talked to people who are into film who blindly utilize it and are ignorant of the benefits and drawbacks of the media or the other media. I think that John represents the group of people who use film for a reason, and, as with any other artistic endeavor, the medium is part of the process of creating art.
In other words, John's arguments about film's benefits are just as valid as Jack's arguments about digital's benefits. And neither represent the groups I'm talking about.
I've had heated discussions with film fans where they just refuse to even explore the values of digital, and deride people who use digital as being somehow less of a photographer. (My dad had a similar argument with me when I got a Nikon 8008s, he said that a "real" photographer wouldn't use autofocus.)
The conversation that John, Jack and I were having in the comments to the Kodachrome article made me think about this, as the most recent "film rules" conversation I had was a few weeks ago. I had a long-time film shooter tell me that people who shoot digital aren't really photographers because it's not a skill. He then went on for a while about understanding reciprocity failure, development times, pushing, cross processing, etc. as examples of why film requires more mastery, and therefore was superior.
I asked him if he knew what a Bayes pattern was, if he knew how noise was created in an image, if he could explain the process by which CCD and CMOS sensors make their images, and so on. He didn't. I pointed out that both processes have mystique to them, he just didn't know any of the mystique of digital.
So I don't want to say here that John is by any means an example of the group I'm talking about. The conversation was what brought up this thought I'd been having since the argument with the film fanatics.
Since I was an early adopter of digital I've heard this for a long time. Unlike some of the converts to digital I knew I readily acknowledged the flaws of the format. My first digital camera was an Apple Quicktake, followed by a Kodak DCS. In those days we had four second shutter lag and a 640x480 image. In one hand I'd carry a digital camera and in the other hand a Nikon F4 or F5.
I think it would have been nuts to say that digital was flawless, just like I think it's nuts that many film shooters feel that film is without reproach.
But again, I want to be clear here, John isn't who I'm talking about. I don't want to insult someone who is passionate about their craft and their medium, someone who has clearly thought about this subject a lot. I'm talking about the film shooters who have not used digital (or haven't since the era of the D1) and talk about how digital is so terrible.
Thanks for a very classy comment, David; it is most appreciated!! (And trust me, I get in trouble with some film fanatics as well, since they see me as tainted, since I use both. digital and analog)
At the end of the day, it's all about the image! :-)
David - I can not agree more whole heartedly about your Kodak comments. I have watched over the last decade and more while the Great Yellow Father continued to shoot himself in the foot. The final shot for me was seeing blister-packed film cameras touted as "digital" cameras because the film would be scanned to disk! I thought, that is either a brilliant marketing ploy, or a really, really sad final attempt to stay viable in this industry. I suppose it was a bit of both.
I do, however, disagree with your final outcome on film. I am a passionate shooter of Holga Toy Camera images (http://www.HolgaToyCamera.com) as are many photographers of all ages. I believe that film will live on for the "fine arts" applications of photography. I certainly hope so anyway.
I have also been teaching film photography since 1995. While I witnessed a drop in interest for a few years, I see a resurgence happening in the last year. Many of my students are in the 18-21 age range and have grown-up digitally. What I am witnessing is a fascination and enthusiasm for shooting film - almost as a hip-retro thing! Students are telling me it's allowing them a different level of connection with photography because of the tactile interaction not present with the 0s and 1s of digital photography.
Will film go away completely? I hope not. Call me a photo survivalist, but I'm keeping a stock of TriX, D-76, Fixer and my old film Nikons!
This should not be a battle. Everyone knows how convenient digital has become. It should not be an argument.
I am a digital photographer that also has a history in film. I happen to love film as much as I love digital. I use them for different reasons. Digital is convenient and modern but film gives me some things that digital has yet to fulfill.
I agree with you Matthew. The Holga camera is one of many reasons that some people still love to use film. I believe there are many others. I also know that there are huge numbers of young digital photographers that have grown up on digital who are intent on learning about film. They seem to want to have the full experience that connects them with all of photography.
There are many fake looks that can be accomplished with digital. You can create the look of a Holga or a Diana. You can make images look old, you can stitch panoramas, add depth of field with focus stacking, turn a color image into a black and white, produce what looks like film grain and create an endless variety of pretentious imagery.
What you can't get with digital is the authenticity that film gives you straight from the camera.
Creativity does not come with any camera, digital or film. It doesn’t come with artistic filters or with endless shooting settings. It doesn’t come from a Leica or a Canon 7d. It doesn’t come with HDR or optical stabilization or any of the next amazing things out there.
Creativity comes from being able to see the world, not like everyone else, but by the creative ability to express what we see through our own unique vision. Uniqueness can come from following your own path, making your own decisions and choosing your own tools, being confident in your abilities and having a keen awareness of your subject.
This should not be a battle between film or digital. The majority of people have already turned to digital because of all the reasons given above. There are many reasons that some one might want to play with film. If pleasure is one or if reaching back into history is another, so be it. Personally, I love all that imaging has to offer. I simply see that digital is one of the tools I can choose for the act of making a photograph. Film is another.
There is a whole history of image making tools that have come and gone and in some cases have come back. I will say now, that digital at least as we know it, will be replaced with something even better at some point in the not too far off future.
Some day, our grandkids are going to ask us what digital was. Judging by the history of imaging, they too will be using a totally new breed of imaging tools to image their world. There will be those who resist and those who follow. There will be those who use both.
Let those who find artistic pleasure and creative satisfaction enjoy digital or film the way they see fit. Not everyone needs to have the latest and greatest to be creative. There are very talented artists both old and young working with ancient tools making incredible images. Who am I to stifle their efforts?
If anyone is going to ask the question why, please don’t tell us why not.
I don't disagree with you at all on this point Matthew. I think that there's definitely a place for film. I love things like the Holga and Lomos, and I do like that students want to learn film.
My point is more about the fanatics that seem to be willingly ignoring the fact that film has turned from the mainstay of education to the speciality skillset that artistic students are using.
Personally I hope there's always film. I hope there's always vinyl and tube amps too. I'm really talking about the shooter who tries to insist that digital isn't a viable medium. For some reason the people who hold onto a changing technology at all costs are the ones that seem to be in denial.
Agreed David - really...for the most part, that is! Years ago as a photojournalist I remember the first hints of digital on the horizon. And I remember boo-hooing it! You know..."you can have my TriX and my Nikon when you can pry it from my..."
And now? I'm no longer a working journalist, but I can't imagine that business NOT being digital!
But how about applications such as nature photography? My nature-shooting colleagues are still producing images on film (larger formats) and then scanning - and the quality really is something which can't be matched digitally (yet...and short of a $50K back!!!).
One more note: I cancelled my Outdoor Photographer subscription a couple of years ago. Why? Because I grew sick of having the publication shoving digital down our throats. The real reason? In their "editorial" bombardment of everything digital I noticed something. I went back through more than a year's worth of cover credits. Guess what? Every single one of them was shot on film.
Sometimes you just do something for the process of it. Film is to mess with, and it's fun to know you're creating images by exposing chemicals on a strip of plastic. I like not knowing how it'll turn out and I like playing around in the darkroom.
It's like asking why some people enjoy driving manual cars, or why someone might cook a meal from scratch even if the restaurant is the same price. It's just the process.
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